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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Cancer-related genes Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
3
Cytoband
p21.31
Chromosome location (bp)
46435645 - 46485234
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Transferrins are iron binding transport proteins which can bind two Fe(3+) ions in association with the binding of an anion, usually bicarbonate....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Immunity, Ion transport, Iron transport, Osteogenesis, Transcription, Transcription regulation, Transport
Ligand (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Iron, Metal-binding
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene is a member of the transferrin family of genes and its protein product is found in the secondary granules of neutrophils. The protein is a major iron-binding protein in milk and body secretions with an antimicrobial activity, making it an important component of the non-specific immune system. The protein demonstrates a broad spectrum of properties, including regulation of iron homeostasis, host defense against a broad range of microbial infections, anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of cellular growth and differentiation and protection against cancer development and metastasis. Antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal and antiparasitic activity has been found for this protein and its peptides. Activity against both DNA and RNA viruses has been found, including activity against SARS-CoV-2, and HIV. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2021]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0001503[ossification] GO:0001530[lipopolysaccharide binding] GO:0001817[regulation of cytokine production] GO:0001895[retina homeostasis] GO:0002227[innate immune response in mucosa] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0004252[serine-type endopeptidase activity] GO:0004869[cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005769[early endosome] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0006508[proteolysis] GO:0006811[ion transport] GO:0006826[iron ion transport] GO:0006959[humoral immune response] GO:0008201[heparin binding] GO:0008233[peptidase activity] GO:0008236[serine-type peptidase activity] GO:0009986[cell surface] GO:0016787[hydrolase activity] GO:0019731[antibacterial humoral response] GO:0019732[antifungal humoral response] GO:0030141[secretory granule] GO:0031640[killing of cells of another organism] GO:0031665[negative regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0032680[regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0032780[negative regulation of ATP-dependent activity] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0033690[positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation] GO:0034145[positive regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway] GO:0035580[specific granule lumen] GO:0042581[specific granule] GO:0042742[defense response to bacterium] GO:0043066[negative regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043123[positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling] GO:0043539[protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity] GO:0044793[negative regulation by host of viral process] GO:0045071[negative regulation of viral genome replication] GO:0045669[positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0048525[negative regulation of viral process] GO:0050829[defense response to Gram-negative bacterium] GO:0051092[positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity] GO:0052337[modification by host of symbiont membrane] GO:0055037[recycling endosome] GO:0055072[iron ion homeostasis] GO:0060349[bone morphogenesis] GO:0061844[antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide] GO:0070062[extracellular exosome] GO:0071902[positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0097013[phagocytic vesicle lumen] GO:1900159[positive regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation] GO:1900229[negative regulation of single-species biofilm formation in or on host organism] GO:1902732[positive regulation of chondrocyte proliferation] GO:1904724[tertiary granule lumen] GO:2000117[negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity] GO:2000308[negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 11 production] GO:2001205[negative regulation of osteoclast development]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0001503[ossification] GO:0001530[lipopolysaccharide binding] GO:0001817[regulation of cytokine production] GO:0001895[retina homeostasis] GO:0002227[innate immune response in mucosa] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0004252[serine-type endopeptidase activity] GO:0004869[cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005769[early endosome] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0006508[proteolysis] GO:0006811[ion transport] GO:0006826[iron ion transport] GO:0006959[humoral immune response] GO:0008201[heparin binding] GO:0008233[peptidase activity] GO:0008236[serine-type peptidase activity] GO:0009986[cell surface] GO:0016787[hydrolase activity] GO:0019731[antibacterial humoral response] GO:0019732[antifungal humoral response] GO:0030141[secretory granule] GO:0031640[killing of cells of another organism] GO:0031665[negative regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0032680[regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0032780[negative regulation of ATP-dependent activity] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0033690[positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation] GO:0034145[positive regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway] GO:0035580[specific granule lumen] GO:0042581[specific granule] GO:0042742[defense response to bacterium] GO:0043066[negative regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043123[positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling] GO:0043539[protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity] GO:0044793[negative regulation by host of viral process] GO:0045071[negative regulation of viral genome replication] GO:0045669[positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0048525[negative regulation of viral process] GO:0050829[defense response to Gram-negative bacterium] GO:0051092[positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity] GO:0052337[modification by host of symbiont membrane] GO:0055037[recycling endosome] GO:0055072[iron ion homeostasis] GO:0060349[bone morphogenesis] GO:0061844[antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide] GO:0070062[extracellular exosome] GO:0071902[positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0097013[phagocytic vesicle lumen] GO:1900159[positive regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation] GO:1900229[negative regulation of single-species biofilm formation in or on host organism] GO:1902732[positive regulation of chondrocyte proliferation] GO:1904724[tertiary granule lumen] GO:2000117[negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity] GO:2000308[negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 11 production] GO:2001205[negative regulation of osteoclast development]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
