GENERAL INFORMATIONi
Gene namei PALS1
Synonyms FLJ12615, MPP5
Gene descriptioni Protein associated with LIN7 1, MAGUK p55 family member
Protein classi Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi Intracellular
Protein evidence Evidence at protein level (all genes)
GENE INFORMATIONi
Chromosome 14
Cytoband q23.3
Chromosome location (bp) 67240713 - 67336061
Number of transcriptsi 9
Ensembl ENSG00000072415 (version 109)
Entrez gene 64398
HGNC HGNC:18669
UniProt Q8N3R9 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)
neXtProt NX_Q8N3R9
GeneCards PALS1
Antibodypedia PALS1 antibodies


PROTEIN FUNCTION
Protein function (UniProt)i Plays a role in tight junction biogenesis and in the establishment of cell polarity in epithelial cells 1, 2. Also involved in adherens junction biogenesis by ensuring correct localization of the exocyst complex protein EXOC4/SEC8 which allows trafficking of adherens junction structural component CDH1 to the cell surface (By similarity). Plays a role through its interaction with CDH5 in vascular lumen formation and endothelial membrane polarity 3. Required during embryonic and postnatal retinal development (By similarity). Required for the maintenance of cerebellar progenitor cells in an undifferentiated proliferative state, preventing premature differentiation, and is required for cerebellar histogenesis, fissure formation, cerebellar layer organization and cortical development (By similarity). Plays a role in neuronal progenitor cell survival, potentially via promotion of mTOR signaling (By similarity). Plays a role in the radial and longitudinal extension of the myelin sheath in Schwann cells (By similarity). May modulate SC6A1/GAT1-mediated GABA uptake by stabilizing the transporter (By similarity). Plays a role in the T-cell receptor-mediated activation of NF-kappa-B 4. Required for localization of EZR to the apical membrane of parietal cells and may play a role in the dynamic remodeling of the apical cytoskeleton (By similarity). Required for the normal polarized localization of the vesicular marker STX4 (By similarity). Required for the correct trafficking of the myelin proteins PMP22 and MAG (By similarity). Involved in promoting phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention of transcriptional coactivators YAP1 and WWTR1/TAZ which leads to suppression of TGFB1-dependent transcription of target genes such as CCN2/CTGF, SERPINE1/PAI1, SNAI1/SNAIL1 and SMAD7 (By similarity). show less
Biological process (UniProt)i Host-virus interaction
Ligand (UniProt)i ATP-binding, Nucleotide-binding
Gene summary (Entrez)i This gene encodes a member of the p55-like subfamily of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) gene superfamily. The encoded protein participates in the polarization of differentiating cells, has been shown to regulate myelinating Schwann cells (PMID: 20237282), and is one of the components of the Crumbs complex in the retina. Mice which express lower levels of the orthologous protein have retinal degeneration and impaired vision (PMID: 22114289). Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012] show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
Splice variant SwissProt TrEMBL Protein class Gene ontology Length & mass Signal peptide
(predicted)		 Transmembrane regions
(predicted)
PALS1-201
ENSP00000261681
ENST00000261681
Q8N3R9
[Direct mapping] Protein PALS1
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Plasma proteins
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding]
GO:0002011 [morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005793 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment]
GO:0005794 [Golgi apparatus]
GO:0005886 [plasma membrane]
GO:0005911 [cell-cell junction]
GO:0005912 [adherens junction]
GO:0005923 [bicellular tight junction]
GO:0007009 [plasma membrane organization]
GO:0008104 [protein localization]
GO:0010467 [gene expression]
GO:0012505 [endomembrane system]
GO:0016020 [membrane]
GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane]
GO:0016332 [establishment or maintenance of polarity of embryonic epithelium]
GO:0017015 [regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0019904 [protein domain specific binding]
GO:0021954 [central nervous system neuron development]
GO:0021987 [cerebral cortex development]
GO:0030424 [axon]
GO:0032287 [peripheral nervous system myelin maintenance]
GO:0032288 [myelin assembly]
GO:0032991 [protein-containing complex]
GO:0033116 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane]
GO:0035749 [myelin sheath adaxonal region]
GO:0035750 [protein localization to myelin sheath abaxonal region]
GO:0042802 [identical protein binding]
GO:0042995 [cell projection]
GO:0043204 [perikaryon]
GO:0043219 [lateral loop]
GO:0043220 [Schmidt-Lanterman incisure]
GO:0043296 [apical junction complex]
GO:0045177 [apical part of cell]
GO:0045197 [establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity]
GO:0048699 [generation of neurons]
GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome]
GO:0070161 [anchoring junction]
GO:0072659 [protein localization to plasma membrane]
Show all
 675 aa
77.3 kDa 		No 0
PALS1-203
ENSP00000451488
ENST00000555925
Q8N3R9
[Direct mapping] Protein PALS1
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Plasma proteins
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding]
GO:0002011 [morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005793 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment]
GO:0005794 [Golgi apparatus]
GO:0005886 [plasma membrane]
GO:0005911 [cell-cell junction]
GO:0005912 [adherens junction]
GO:0005923 [bicellular tight junction]
GO:0012505 [endomembrane system]
GO:0016020 [membrane]
GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane]
GO:0016332 [establishment or maintenance of polarity of embryonic epithelium]
GO:0017015 [regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0019904 [protein domain specific binding]
GO:0021954 [central nervous system neuron development]
GO:0021987 [cerebral cortex development]
GO:0030424 [axon]
GO:0032991 [protein-containing complex]
GO:0033116 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane]
GO:0042802 [identical protein binding]
GO:0042995 [cell projection]
GO:0043204 [perikaryon]
GO:0043296 [apical junction complex]
GO:0045197 [establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity]
GO:0048699 [generation of neurons]
GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome]
GO:0070161 [anchoring junction]
GO:0072659 [protein localization to plasma membrane]
Show all
 641 aa
73.4 kDa 		No 0
PALS1-204
ENSP00000450550
ENST00000556345
G3V2B0
[Direct mapping] Protein PALS1
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
 124 aa
14.3 kDa 		No 0
PALS1-205
ENSP00000451571
ENST00000557237
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
 4 aa
0.4 kDa 		No 0
PALS1-206
ENSP00000450656
ENST00000557783
G3V2H1
[Direct mapping] Protein PALS1
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
Show all
 149 aa
17.2 kDa 		No 0
PALS1-207
ENSP00000503713
ENST00000676464
Q8N3R9
[Direct mapping] Protein PALS1
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Plasma proteins
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding]
GO:0002011 [morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005793 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment]
GO:0005794 [Golgi apparatus]
GO:0005886 [plasma membrane]
GO:0005911 [cell-cell junction]
GO:0005912 [adherens junction]
GO:0005923 [bicellular tight junction]
GO:0012505 [endomembrane system]
GO:0016020 [membrane]
GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane]
GO:0016332 [establishment or maintenance of polarity of embryonic epithelium]
GO:0017015 [regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0019904 [protein domain specific binding]
GO:0021954 [central nervous system neuron development]
GO:0021987 [cerebral cortex development]
GO:0030424 [axon]
GO:0032991 [protein-containing complex]
GO:0033116 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane]
GO:0042802 [identical protein binding]
GO:0042995 [cell projection]
GO:0043204 [perikaryon]
GO:0043296 [apical junction complex]
GO:0045197 [establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity]
GO:0048699 [generation of neurons]
GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome]
GO:0070161 [anchoring junction]
GO:0072659 [protein localization to plasma membrane]
Show all
 675 aa
77.3 kDa 		No 0
PALS1-210
ENSP00000503322
ENST00000677382
Q8N3R9
[Direct mapping] Protein PALS1
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Plasma proteins
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding]
GO:0002011 [morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005793 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment]
GO:0005794 [Golgi apparatus]
GO:0005886 [plasma membrane]
GO:0005911 [cell-cell junction]
GO:0005912 [adherens junction]
GO:0005923 [bicellular tight junction]
GO:0012505 [endomembrane system]
GO:0016020 [membrane]
GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane]
GO:0016332 [establishment or maintenance of polarity of embryonic epithelium]
GO:0017015 [regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0019904 [protein domain specific binding]
GO:0021954 [central nervous system neuron development]
GO:0021987 [cerebral cortex development]
GO:0030424 [axon]
GO:0032991 [protein-containing complex]
GO:0033116 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane]
GO:0042802 [identical protein binding]
GO:0042995 [cell projection]
GO:0043204 [perikaryon]
GO:0043296 [apical junction complex]
GO:0045197 [establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity]
GO:0048699 [generation of neurons]
GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome]
GO:0070161 [anchoring junction]
GO:0072659 [protein localization to plasma membrane]
Show all
 675 aa
77.3 kDa 		No 0
PALS1-211
ENSP00000503517
ENST00000677835
Q8N3R9
[Direct mapping] Protein PALS1
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Plasma proteins
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding]
GO:0002011 [morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005793 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment]
GO:0005794 [Golgi apparatus]
GO:0005886 [plasma membrane]
GO:0005911 [cell-cell junction]
GO:0005912 [adherens junction]
GO:0005923 [bicellular tight junction]
GO:0012505 [endomembrane system]
GO:0016020 [membrane]
GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane]
GO:0016332 [establishment or maintenance of polarity of embryonic epithelium]
GO:0017015 [regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0019904 [protein domain specific binding]
GO:0021954 [central nervous system neuron development]
GO:0021987 [cerebral cortex development]
GO:0030424 [axon]
GO:0032991 [protein-containing complex]
GO:0033116 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane]
GO:0042802 [identical protein binding]
GO:0042995 [cell projection]
GO:0043204 [perikaryon]
GO:0043296 [apical junction complex]
GO:0045197 [establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity]
GO:0048699 [generation of neurons]
GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome]
GO:0070161 [anchoring junction]
GO:0072659 [protein localization to plasma membrane]
Show all
 675 aa
77.3 kDa 		No 0
PALS1-213
ENSP00000503321
ENST00000678380
Q8N3R9
[Direct mapping] Protein PALS1
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Plasma proteins
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding]
GO:0002011 [morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005793 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment]
GO:0005794 [Golgi apparatus]
GO:0005886 [plasma membrane]
GO:0005911 [cell-cell junction]
GO:0005912 [adherens junction]
GO:0005923 [bicellular tight junction]
GO:0012505 [endomembrane system]
GO:0016020 [membrane]
GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane]
GO:0016332 [establishment or maintenance of polarity of embryonic epithelium]
GO:0017015 [regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0019904 [protein domain specific binding]
GO:0021954 [central nervous system neuron development]
GO:0021987 [cerebral cortex development]
GO:0030424 [axon]
GO:0032991 [protein-containing complex]
GO:0033116 [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane]
GO:0042802 [identical protein binding]
GO:0042995 [cell projection]
GO:0043204 [perikaryon]
GO:0043296 [apical junction complex]
GO:0045197 [establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity]
GO:0048699 [generation of neurons]
GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome]
GO:0070161 [anchoring junction]
GO:0072659 [protein localization to plasma membrane]
Show all
 675 aa
77.3 kDa 		No 0

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