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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
17
Cytoband
q24.2
Chromosome location (bp)
66212033 - 66256525
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Binds to various kinds of negatively charged substances such as heparin, phospholipids, and dextran sulfate. May prevent activation of the intrinsic blood coagulation cascade by binding to phospholipids on the surface of damaged cells....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Heparin-binding
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
Apolipoprotein H, also known as beta-2-glycoprotein I, is a component of circulating plasma lipoproteins. It has been implicated in a variety of physiologic pathways including lipoprotein metabolism, coagulation, hemostasis, and the production of antiphospholipid autoantibodies. APOH may be a required cofactor for anionic phospholipid binding by the antiphospholipid autoantibodies found in sera of many patients with lupus and primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The anti-beta (2) glycoprotein I antibodies from APS patients, mediate inhibition of activated protein C which has anticoagulant properties. Because beta-2-GPI is the main autoantigen in patients with APS, the disruption of this pathway by autoantibodies may be an important mechanism for thrombosis in patients with APS.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2019]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Plasma proteins Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0001937[negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005543[phospholipid binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0006641[triglyceride metabolic process] GO:0007597[blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway] GO:0008201[heparin binding] GO:0008289[lipid binding] GO:0009986[cell surface] GO:0010596[negative regulation of endothelial cell migration] GO:0016525[negative regulation of angiogenesis] GO:0030193[regulation of blood coagulation] GO:0030194[positive regulation of blood coagulation] GO:0030195[negative regulation of blood coagulation] GO:0031089[platelet dense granule lumen] GO:0031639[plasminogen activation] GO:0033033[negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process] GO:0034197[triglyceride transport] GO:0034361[very-low-density lipoprotein particle] GO:0034364[high-density lipoprotein particle] GO:0034392[negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process] GO:0042627[chylomicron] GO:0042802[identical protein binding] GO:0051006[positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity] GO:0051917[regulation of fibrinolysis] GO:0051918[negative regulation of fibrinolysis] GO:0060230[lipoprotein lipase activator activity] GO:0062023[collagen-containing extracellular matrix] GO:0070062[extracellular exosome]
Phobius predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
