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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Cancer-related genes Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Human disease related genes Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
17
Cytoband
q12
Chromosome location (bp)
34255274 - 34257208
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR2 1,2,3. Signals through binding and activation of CCR2 and induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions 4,5. Exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils 6,7,8. May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis 9....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Cytokine
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Chemotaxis, Inflammatory response
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines are a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine is a member of the CC subfamily which is characterized by two adjacent cysteine residues. This cytokine displays chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not for neutrophils or eosinophils. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. It binds to chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR4. Elevated expression of the encoded protein is associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Congenital malformations of the nervous system Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165[MAPK cascade] GO:0001525[angiogenesis] GO:0002548[monocyte chemotaxis] GO:0004672[protein kinase activity] GO:0005102[signaling receptor binding] GO:0005125[cytokine activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0006468[protein phosphorylation] GO:0006935[chemotaxis] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006955[immune response] GO:0006959[humoral immune response] GO:0007010[cytoskeleton organization] GO:0007155[cell adhesion] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007166[cell surface receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007186[G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007187[G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger] GO:0007259[receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT] GO:0008009[chemokine activity] GO:0008360[regulation of cell shape] GO:0009617[response to bacterium] GO:0009887[animal organ morphogenesis] GO:0019079[viral genome replication] GO:0019221[cytokine-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0019233[sensory perception of pain] GO:0019725[cellular homeostasis] GO:0030593[neutrophil chemotaxis] GO:0031663[lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0031727[CCR2 chemokine receptor binding] GO:0034351[negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process] GO:0035684[helper T cell extravasation] GO:0043491[protein kinase B signaling] GO:0043524[negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process] GO:0043547[positive regulation of GTPase activity] GO:0043615[astrocyte cell migration] GO:0044344[cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus] GO:0048020[CCR chemokine receptor binding] GO:0048245[eosinophil chemotaxis] GO:0048246[macrophage chemotaxis] GO:0048247[lymphocyte chemotaxis] GO:0050870[positive regulation of T cell activation] GO:0051770[positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process] GO:0051968[positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic] GO:0070098[chemokine-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0070374[positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade] GO:0071222[cellular response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0071346[cellular response to interferon-gamma] GO:0071347[cellular response to interleukin-1] GO:0071356[cellular response to tumor necrosis factor] GO:0071407[cellular response to organic cyclic compound] GO:0090280[positive regulation of calcium ion import] GO:1904783[positive regulation of NMDA glutamate receptor activity] GO:1905563[negative regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation] GO:2000134[negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle] GO:2000353[positive regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process] GO:2000427[positive regulation of apoptotic cell clearance] GO:2000502[negative regulation of natural killer cell chemotaxis]
MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Congenital malformations of the nervous system Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
