GENERAL INFORMATIONi
Gene namei PRKAA1
Synonyms AMPKa1
Gene descriptioni Protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1
Protein classi Enzymes
FDA approved drug targets
Predicted locationi Intracellular
Protein evidence Evidence at protein level (all genes)
GENE INFORMATIONi
Chromosome 5
Cytoband p13.1
Chromosome location (bp) 40759389 - 40798374
Number of transcriptsi 3
Ensembl ENSG00000132356 (version 109)
Entrez gene 5562
HGNC HGNC:9376
UniProt Q13131 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)
neXtProt NX_Q13131
GeneCards PRKAA1
Antibodypedia PRKAA1 antibodies


PROTEIN FUNCTION
Protein function (UniProt)i Catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism 1, 2. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation 3, 4. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators 5, 6. Regulates lipid synthesis by phosphorylating and inactivating lipid metabolic enzymes such as ACACA, ACACB, GYS1, HMGCR and LIPE; regulates fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis by phosphorylating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA and ACACB) and hormone-sensitive lipase (LIPE) enzymes, respectively (By similarity). Promotes lipolysis of lipid droplets by mediating phosphorylation of isoform 1 of CHKA (CHKalpha2) 7. Regulates insulin-signaling and glycolysis by phosphorylating IRS1, PFKFB2 and PFKFB3 (By similarity). AMPK stimulates glucose uptake in muscle by increasing the translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 to the plasma membrane, possibly by mediating phosphorylation of TBC1D4/AS160 (By similarity). Regulates transcription and chromatin structure by phosphorylating transcription regulators involved in energy metabolism such as CRTC2/TORC2, FOXO3, histone H2B, HDAC5, MEF2C, MLXIPL/ChREBP, EP300, HNF4A, p53/TP53, SREBF1, SREBF2 and PPARGC1A 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. Acts as a key regulator of glucose homeostasis in liver by phosphorylating CRTC2/TORC2, leading to CRTC2/TORC2 sequestration in the cytoplasm (By similarity). In response to stress, phosphorylates 'Ser-36' of histone H2B (H2BS36ph), leading to promote transcription (By similarity). Acts as a key regulator of cell growth and proliferation by phosphorylating TSC2, RPTOR and ATG1/ULK1: in response to nutrient limitation, negatively regulates the mTORC1 complex by phosphorylating RPTOR component of the mTORC1 complex and by phosphorylating and activating TSC2 13, 14, 15, 16. In response to nutrient limitation, promotes autophagy by phosphorylating and activating ATG1/ULK1 17. In that process also activates WDR45/WIPI4 18. Phosphorylates CASP6, thereby preventing its autoprocessing and subsequent activation 19. In response to nutrient limitation, phosphorylates transcription factor FOXO3 promoting FOXO3 mitochondrial import (By similarity). Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin 20. AMPK also acts as a regulator of circadian rhythm by mediating phosphorylation of CRY1, leading to destabilize it (By similarity). May regulate the Wnt signaling pathway by phosphorylating CTNNB1, leading to stabilize it (By similarity). Also has tau-protein kinase activity: in response to amyloid beta A4 protein (APP) exposure, activated by CAMKK2, leading to phosphorylation of MAPT/TAU; however the relevance of such data remains unclear in vivo (By similarity). Also phosphorylates CFTR, EEF2K, KLC1, NOS3 and SLC12A1 21, 22. show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i Chromatin regulator, Kinase, Serine/threonine-protein kinase, Transferase
Biological process (UniProt)i Autophagy, Biological rhythms, Cholesterol biosynthesis, Cholesterol metabolism, Fatty acid biosynthesis, Fatty acid metabolism, Lipid biosynthesis, Lipid metabolism, Steroid biosynthesis, Steroid metabolism, Sterol biosynthesis, Sterol metabolism, Transcription, Transcription regulation, Wnt signaling pathway
Ligand (UniProt)i ATP-binding, Magnesium, Metal-binding, Nucleotide-binding
Gene summary (Entrez)i The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the ser/thr protein kinase family. It is the catalytic subunit of the 5'-prime-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a cellular energy sensor conserved in all eukaryotic cells. The kinase activity of AMPK is activated by the stimuli that increase the cellular AMP/ATP ratio. AMPK regulates the activities of a number of key metabolic enzymes through phosphorylation. It protects cells from stresses that cause ATP depletion by switching off ATP-consuming biosynthetic pathways. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
Splice variant SwissProt TrEMBL Protein class Gene ontology Length & mass Signal peptide
(predicted)		 Transmembrane regions
(predicted)
PRKAA1-201
ENSP00000296800
ENST00000296800
Q96E92
[Direct mapping] 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1; PRKAA1 protein; Protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 catalytic subunit, isoform CRA_b
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding]
GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity]
GO:0004674 [protein serine/threonine kinase activity]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation]
GO:0016301 [kinase activity]
GO:0016310 [phosphorylation]
Show all
 207 aa
23.6 kDa 		No 0
PRKAA1-202
ENSP00000346148
ENST00000354209
Q13131
[Direct mapping] 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1
Show all
Enzymes
   ENZYME proteins
   Transferases
   Kinases
   CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinases
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
FDA approved drug targets
   Small molecule drugs
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding]
GO:0001666 [response to hypoxia]
GO:0003682 [chromatin binding]
GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity]
GO:0004674 [protein serine/threonine kinase activity]
GO:0004679 [AMP-activated protein kinase activity]
GO:0004691 [cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0005634 [nucleus]
GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005829 [cytosol]
GO:0006325 [chromatin organization]
GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation]
GO:0006629 [lipid metabolic process]
GO:0006631 [fatty acid metabolic process]
GO:0006633 [fatty acid biosynthetic process]
GO:0006694 [steroid biosynthetic process]
GO:0006695 [cholesterol biosynthetic process]
GO:0006914 [autophagy]
GO:0007165 [signal transduction]
GO:0008202 [steroid metabolic process]
GO:0008203 [cholesterol metabolic process]
GO:0008610 [lipid biosynthetic process]
GO:0010332 [response to gamma radiation]
GO:0010508 [positive regulation of autophagy]
GO:0010628 [positive regulation of gene expression]
GO:0010629 [negative regulation of gene expression]
GO:0016055 [Wnt signaling pathway]
GO:0016126 [sterol biosynthetic process]
GO:0016301 [kinase activity]
GO:0016310 [phosphorylation]
GO:0016570 [histone modification]
GO:0016607 [nuclear speck]
GO:0016740 [transferase activity]
GO:0030424 [axon]
GO:0030425 [dendrite]
GO:0031331 [positive regulation of cellular catabolic process]
GO:0031588 [nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex]
GO:0031669 [cellular response to nutrient levels]
GO:0032007 [negative regulation of TOR signaling]
GO:0034599 [cellular response to oxidative stress]
GO:0035174 [histone serine kinase activity]
GO:0035556 [intracellular signal transduction]
GO:0042149 [cellular response to glucose starvation]
GO:0042593 [glucose homeostasis]
GO:0042752 [regulation of circadian rhythm]
GO:0043025 [neuronal cell body]
GO:0043066 [negative regulation of apoptotic process]
GO:0045542 [positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process]
GO:0045821 [positive regulation of glycolytic process]
GO:0046318 [negative regulation of glucosylceramide biosynthetic process]
GO:0046872 [metal ion binding]
GO:0047322 [[hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase activity]
GO:0048156 [tau protein binding]
GO:0048511 [rhythmic process]
GO:0050321 [tau-protein kinase activity]
GO:0050405 [[acetyl-CoA carboxylase] kinase activity]
GO:0050995 [negative regulation of lipid catabolic process]
GO:0055089 [fatty acid homeostasis]
GO:0061744 [motor behavior]
GO:0061762 [CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade]
GO:0070050 [neuron cellular homeostasis]
GO:0070507 [regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization]
GO:0071277 [cellular response to calcium ion]
GO:0071333 [cellular response to glucose stimulus]
GO:0097009 [energy homeostasis]
GO:0106310 [protein serine kinase activity]
GO:1903829 [positive regulation of protein localization]
GO:1903944 [negative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process]
GO:1904428 [negative regulation of tubulin deacetylation]
GO:1905691 [lipid droplet disassembly]
GO:1990044 [protein localization to lipid droplet]
GO:2000758 [positive regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylation]
Show all
 574 aa
65.5 kDa 		No 0
PRKAA1-204
ENSP00000380317
ENST00000397128
Q13131
[Direct mapping] 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1
Show all
Enzymes
   ENZYME proteins
   Transferases
   Kinases
   CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinases
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
FDA approved drug targets
   Small molecule drugs
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding]
GO:0001666 [response to hypoxia]
GO:0003682 [chromatin binding]
GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity]
GO:0004674 [protein serine/threonine kinase activity]
GO:0004679 [AMP-activated protein kinase activity]
GO:0004691 [cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0005634 [nucleus]
GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005829 [cytosol]
GO:0006006 [glucose metabolic process]
GO:0006325 [chromatin organization]
GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation]
GO:0006629 [lipid metabolic process]
GO:0006631 [fatty acid metabolic process]
GO:0006633 [fatty acid biosynthetic process]
GO:0006694 [steroid biosynthetic process]
GO:0006695 [cholesterol biosynthetic process]
GO:0006914 [autophagy]
GO:0007165 [signal transduction]
GO:0008022 [protein C-terminus binding]
GO:0008202 [steroid metabolic process]
GO:0008203 [cholesterol metabolic process]
GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell population proliferation]
GO:0008610 [lipid biosynthetic process]
GO:0009410 [response to xenobiotic stimulus]
GO:0009411 [response to UV]
GO:0009631 [cold acclimation]
GO:0010332 [response to gamma radiation]
GO:0010468 [regulation of gene expression]
GO:0010508 [positive regulation of autophagy]
GO:0010628 [positive regulation of gene expression]
GO:0010629 [negative regulation of gene expression]
GO:0014823 [response to activity]
GO:0015721 [bile acid and bile salt transport]
GO:0016055 [Wnt signaling pathway]
GO:0016126 [sterol biosynthetic process]
GO:0016301 [kinase activity]
GO:0016310 [phosphorylation]
GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane]
GO:0016570 [histone modification]
GO:0016607 [nuclear speck]
GO:0016740 [transferase activity]
GO:0019395 [fatty acid oxidation]
GO:0030424 [axon]
GO:0030425 [dendrite]
GO:0031000 [response to caffeine]
GO:0031331 [positive regulation of cellular catabolic process]
GO:0031588 [nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex]
GO:0031669 [cellular response to nutrient levels]
GO:0032007 [negative regulation of TOR signaling]
GO:0032991 [protein-containing complex]
GO:0033135 [regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation]
GO:0034599 [cellular response to oxidative stress]
GO:0035174 [histone serine kinase activity]
GO:0035556 [intracellular signal transduction]
GO:0038183 [bile acid signaling pathway]
GO:0042149 [cellular response to glucose starvation]
GO:0042542 [response to hydrogen peroxide]
GO:0042593 [glucose homeostasis]
GO:0042752 [regulation of circadian rhythm]
GO:0043025 [neuronal cell body]
GO:0043066 [negative regulation of apoptotic process]
GO:0044877 [protein-containing complex binding]
GO:0045542 [positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process]
GO:0045821 [positive regulation of glycolytic process]
GO:0046318 [negative regulation of glucosylceramide biosynthetic process]
GO:0046627 [negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0046872 [metal ion binding]
GO:0047322 [[hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase activity]
GO:0048156 [tau protein binding]
GO:0048511 [rhythmic process]
GO:0048643 [positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development]
GO:0050321 [tau-protein kinase activity]
GO:0050405 [[acetyl-CoA carboxylase] kinase activity]
GO:0050995 [negative regulation of lipid catabolic process]
GO:0055089 [fatty acid homeostasis]
GO:0060627 [regulation of vesicle-mediated transport]
GO:0061744 [motor behavior]
GO:0061762 [CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade]
GO:0062028 [regulation of stress granule assembly]
GO:0070050 [neuron cellular homeostasis]
GO:0070301 [cellular response to hydrogen peroxide]
GO:0070507 [regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization]
GO:0071277 [cellular response to calcium ion]
GO:0071333 [cellular response to glucose stimulus]
GO:0071361 [cellular response to ethanol]
GO:0071380 [cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus]
GO:0071417 [cellular response to organonitrogen compound]
GO:0071456 [cellular response to hypoxia]
GO:0071466 [cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus]
GO:0097009 [energy homeostasis]
GO:0106310 [protein serine kinase activity]
GO:0120188 [regulation of bile acid secretion]
GO:1901563 [response to camptothecin]
GO:1903109 [positive regulation of mitochondrial transcription]
GO:1903829 [positive regulation of protein localization]
GO:1903944 [negative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process]
GO:1903955 [positive regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion]
GO:1904428 [negative regulation of tubulin deacetylation]
GO:1904486 [response to 17alpha-ethynylestradiol]
GO:1905691 [lipid droplet disassembly]
GO:1990044 [protein localization to lipid droplet]
GO:2000758 [positive regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylation]
Show all
 559 aa
64 kDa 		No 0

Contact

The Project

The Human Protein Atlas

The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
by the Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation.


contact@proteinatlas.org