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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Cancer-related genes Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Human disease related genes Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
11
Cytoband
q23.1
Chromosome location (bp)
112143253 - 112164096
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Pro-inflammatory cytokine primarily involved in epithelial barrier repair, polarized T-helper 1 (Th1) cell and natural killer (NK) cell immune responses 1. Upon binding to IL18R1 and IL18RAP, forms a signaling ternary complex which activates NF-kappa-B, triggering synthesis of inflammatory mediators 2,3. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T-helper 1 (Th1) cells and natural killer (NK) cells 4. Involved in transduction of inflammation downstream of pyroptosis: its mature form is specifically released in the extracellular milieu by passing through the gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pore 5....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Cytokine
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Inflammatory response
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine of the IL-1 family that is constitutively found as a precursor within the cytoplasm of a variety of cells including macrophages and keratinocytes. The inactive IL-18 precursor is processed to its active form by caspase-1, and is capable of stimulating interferon gamma production, and of regulating both T helper (Th) 1 and Th2 responses. This cytokine has been implicated in the injury of different organs, and in potentially fatal conditions characterized by a cytokine storm. In humans, IL-18 gene is located on chromosome 11. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
Predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Allergies and autoimmune diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000165[MAPK cascade] GO:0001525[angiogenesis] GO:0005125[cytokine activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006955[immune response] GO:0007267[cell-cell signaling] GO:0008283[cell population proliferation] GO:0010468[regulation of gene expression] GO:0010604[positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process] GO:0010628[positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0010744[positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation] GO:0014068[positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling] GO:0030101[natural killer cell activation] GO:0030155[regulation of cell adhesion] GO:0030431[sleep] GO:0031663[lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0032148[activation of protein kinase B activity] GO:0032722[positive regulation of chemokine production] GO:0032725[positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production] GO:0032729[positive regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0032736[positive regulation of interleukin-13 production] GO:0032740[positive regulation of interleukin-17 production] GO:0032819[positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation] GO:0034105[positive regulation of tissue remodeling] GO:0035655[interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0038061[NIK/NF-kappaB signaling] GO:0042088[T-helper 1 type immune response] GO:0042092[type 2 immune response] GO:0042104[positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation] GO:0042119[neutrophil activation] GO:0042267[natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity] GO:0042531[positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein] GO:0042632[cholesterol homeostasis] GO:0045515[interleukin-18 receptor binding] GO:0045630[positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation] GO:0045662[negative regulation of myoblast differentiation] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0048661[positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation] GO:0050729[positive regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0050830[defense response to Gram-positive bacterium] GO:0051092[positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity] GO:0051142[positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation] GO:0051897[positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling] GO:0061436[establishment of skin barrier] GO:0070328[triglyceride homeostasis] GO:0071407[cellular response to organic cyclic compound] GO:0120162[positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis] GO:0150078[positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response] GO:1901224[positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling] GO:2000556[positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell cytokine production]
Predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Allergies and autoimmune diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165[MAPK cascade] GO:0001525[angiogenesis] GO:0005125[cytokine activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006955[immune response] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007267[cell-cell signaling] GO:0010468[regulation of gene expression] GO:0010604[positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process] GO:0010744[positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation] GO:0014068[positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling] GO:0030155[regulation of cell adhesion] GO:0030431[sleep] GO:0031663[lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0032148[activation of protein kinase B activity] GO:0032722[positive regulation of chemokine production] GO:0032725[positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production] GO:0032729[positive regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0032736[positive regulation of interleukin-13 production] GO:0032740[positive regulation of interleukin-17 production] GO:0032819[positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation] GO:0034105[positive regulation of tissue remodeling] GO:0035655[interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0042088[T-helper 1 type immune response] GO:0042092[type 2 immune response] GO:0042104[positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation] GO:0042531[positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein] GO:0042632[cholesterol homeostasis] GO:0045515[interleukin-18 receptor binding] GO:0045630[positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0048661[positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation] GO:0050729[positive regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0050830[defense response to Gram-positive bacterium] GO:0051092[positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity] GO:0051142[positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation] GO:0051897[positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling] GO:0061436[establishment of skin barrier] GO:0070328[triglyceride homeostasis] GO:0071407[cellular response to organic cyclic compound] GO:0120162[positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis] GO:0150078[positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response] GO:2000556[positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell cytokine production]
Predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Allergies and autoimmune diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165[MAPK cascade] GO:0001525[angiogenesis] GO:0005125[cytokine activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006955[immune response] GO:0007267[cell-cell signaling] GO:0010468[regulation of gene expression] GO:0010604[positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process] GO:0010744[positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation] GO:0014068[positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling] GO:0030155[regulation of cell adhesion] GO:0030431[sleep] GO:0031663[lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0032148[activation of protein kinase B activity] GO:0032722[positive regulation of chemokine production] GO:0032725[positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production] GO:0032729[positive regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0032736[positive regulation of interleukin-13 production] GO:0032740[positive regulation of interleukin-17 production] GO:0032819[positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation] GO:0034105[positive regulation of tissue remodeling] GO:0035655[interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0042088[T-helper 1 type immune response] GO:0042092[type 2 immune response] GO:0042104[positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation] GO:0042531[positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein] GO:0042632[cholesterol homeostasis] GO:0045515[interleukin-18 receptor binding] GO:0045630[positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0048661[positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation] GO:0050729[positive regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0050830[defense response to Gram-positive bacterium] GO:0051092[positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity] GO:0051142[positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation] GO:0051897[positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling] GO:0061436[establishment of skin barrier] GO:0070328[triglyceride homeostasis] GO:0071407[cellular response to organic cyclic compound] GO:0120162[positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis] GO:0150078[positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response] GO:2000556[positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell cytokine production]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
