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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes Human disease related genes
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
4
Cytoband
q27
Chromosome location (bp)
121035613 - 121073021
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Secretory protein that plays a role in various cellular processes 1,2,3. Acts as a chemorepellent acting on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) expressing neurons regulating their migration to the hypothalamus 4. Also promotes neuron migration, growth and survival as well as neurite outgrowth and is involved in the development of the olfactory system 5,6. May also act through the regulation of growth factors activity and downstream signaling 7. Also regulates extracellular matrix assembly and cell adhesiveness (By similarity). Promotes endothelial cell survival, vessel formation and plays an important role in the process of revascularization through NOS3-dependent mechanisms 8....show less
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Neurogenesis
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
Predicted to enable heparin binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to hypoxia; negative regulation of apoptotic process; and nitric oxide mediated signal transduction. Located in extracellular space. Implicated in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Disease related genes Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Hypothalamus and pituitary gland diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0001525[angiogenesis] GO:0001764[neuron migration] GO:0002931[response to ischemia] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005539[glycosaminoglycan binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0007263[nitric oxide mediated signal transduction] GO:0007399[nervous system development] GO:0008201[heparin binding] GO:0010811[positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion] GO:0010976[positive regulation of neuron projection development] GO:0019800[peptide cross-linking via chondroitin 4-sulfate glycosaminoglycan] GO:0021828[gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal migration to the hypothalamus] GO:0030198[extracellular matrix organization] GO:0031012[extracellular matrix] GO:0043524[negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process] GO:0044344[cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus] GO:0061042[vascular wound healing] GO:0071456[cellular response to hypoxia] GO:2000352[negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process]
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Hypothalamus and pituitary gland diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Hypothalamus and pituitary gland diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
