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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
7
Cytoband
q21.11
Chromosome location (bp)
80458635 - 80512064
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) alpha subunit playing a prominent role in bitter and sweet taste transduction as well as in umami (monosodium glutamate, monopotassium glutamate, and inosine monophosphate) taste transduction. Transduction by this alpha subunit involves coupling of specific cell-surface receptors with a cGMP-phosphodiesterase; Activation of phosphodiesterase lowers intracellular levels of cAMP and cGMP which may open a cyclic nucleotide-suppressible cation channel leading to influx of calcium, ultimately leading to release of neurotransmitter. Indeed, denatonium and strychnine induce transient reduction in cAMP and cGMP in taste tissue, whereas this decrease is inhibited by GNAT3 antibody. Gustducin heterotrimer transduces response to bitter and sweet compounds via regulation of phosphodiesterase for alpha subunit, as well as via activation of phospholipase C for beta and gamma subunits, with ultimate increase inositol trisphosphate and increase of intracellular Calcium. GNAT3 can functionally couple to taste receptors to transmit intracellular signal: receptor heterodimer TAS1R2/TAS1R3 senses sweetness and TAS1R1/TAS1R3 transduces umami taste, whereas the T2R family GPCRs act as bitter sensors. Functions also as lumenal sugar sensors in the gut to control the expression of the Na+-glucose transporter SGLT1 in response to dietaty sugar, as well as the secretion of Glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, GIP. Thus, may modulate the gut capacity to absorb sugars, with implications in malabsorption syndromes and diet-related disorders including diabetes and obesity....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Transducer
Ligand (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Sweet, bitter, and umami tastes are transmitted from taste receptors by a specific guanine nucleotide binding protein. The protein encoded by this gene is the alpha subunit of this heterotrimeric G protein, which is found not only in the oral epithelium but also in gut tissues. Variations in this gene have been linked to metabolic syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
A8MTJ3 [Direct mapping] Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-3
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THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
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GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0001580[detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste] GO:0001664[G protein-coupled receptor binding] GO:0001669[acrosomal vesicle] GO:0001750[photoreceptor outer segment] GO:0001917[photoreceptor inner segment] GO:0003924[GTPase activity] GO:0005525[GTP binding] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005834[heterotrimeric G-protein complex] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0005930[axoneme] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007186[G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007188[adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016324[apical plasma membrane] GO:0019001[guanyl nucleotide binding] GO:0031683[G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0035094[response to nicotine] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0050909[sensory perception of taste] GO:0050913[sensory perception of bitter taste] GO:0050916[sensory perception of sweet taste] GO:0050917[sensory perception of umami taste]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
