We use cookies to enhance the usability of our website. If you continue, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies. More information. Don't show this again.
General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
G-protein coupled receptors
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Membrane
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
1
HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONi
Summary of data presented in the Tissue section, with a representative image of protein expression (left) and an interactive chart showing the tissue-specific mRNA expression (right). The image and the chart are clickable and will redirect to more Tissue data. This section contains information regarding the expression profiles of protein-coding genes in normal human tissue, both on the mRNA and protein level. The protein expression data is derived from antibody-based protein profiling using immunohistochemistry.
Tissue expression cluster (RNA)i
The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across tissues. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.
Not detected - no cluster assigned
Tissue specificity (RNA)i
The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the consensus dataset which is calculated from the RNA expression levels in samples from HPA and GTEX. The categories include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, low tissue specificity and not detected.
Not detected
Tau specificity score (RNA)i
Tau specificity score is a numerical indicator of the specificity of the gene expression across cells or tissues. The value ranges from 0 and 1, where 0 indicates identical expression across all cells/tissue types, while 1 indicates expression in a single cell/tissue type.
Not detected
Tissue distribution (RNA)i
The RNA distribution category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on a combination of data from HPA and GTEX. The categories include: detected in all, detected in many, detected in some, detected in single and not detected.
Not detected
Protein evidencei
Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); neXtProt protein existence (neXtProt evidence);and a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable.
A reliability score is manually set for all genes and indicates the level of reliability of the analyzed protein expression pattern based on available RNA-seq data, protein/gene characterization data and immunohistochemical data from one or several antibodies with non-overlapping epitopes. The reliability score is based on the 44 normal tissues analyzed, and if there is available data from more than one antibody, the staining patterns of all antibodies are taken into consideration during evaluation.
The reliability score is divided into Enhanced, Supported, Approved, or Uncertain, and is displayed on both Tissue Atlas and Pathology Atlas.
Pending normal tissue annotation.
ASSAYSi
Links to data of the different assays available in the Tissue section of the Human Protein Atlas. Click on the miniature images to directly get to the respective section.
Below is an overview of RNA and protein expression data generated in the Human Protein Atlas project. Analyzed tissues are divided into color-coded groups according to which functional features they have in common. For each group, a list of included tissues is accessed by clicking on the group name, group symbol, RNA bar, or protein bar. Subsequent selection of a particular tissue in this list links to the image data page.
The IHC image panel to the right display selected tissues that give a visual summary of the protein expression profile.
To the left, the two human bodies provide an anatomical display of the expression levels and detection of mRNA in the analyzed organs. Toggle between these two views by clicking on the buttons between the figures.
Expression
Detection
All organs
RNA expression (nTPM)i
RNA expression summary shows the consensus data based on normalized expression (nTPM) values from two different sources: internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) RNA-seq data and RNA-seq data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
Protein expression (score)i
Each bar represents the highest expression score found in a particular group of tissues. Protein expression scores are based on a best estimate of the "true" protein expression from a knowledge-based annotation, described more in detail under Assays & annotation. For genes where more than one antibody has been used, a collective score is set displaying the estimated true protein expression.
Protein expression data is shown for each of the 44 tissues based on knowledge-based annotation. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. Mouse-over function shows protein score for analyzed cell types in a selected tissue. To access image data click on tissue name or bar. Annotation of protein expression is described in detail in Assays & annotation.
For genes with available protein data for which a knowledge-based annotation gave inconclusive results, no protein expression data is displayed in the protein expression data overview. However, all immunohistochemical images are still available and the annotation data can be found under Primary data.
Pending normal tissue annotation.
RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEWi
RNA expression overview shows RNA-data from two different sources: Internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) RNA-seq data and RNA-seq data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, as well as the consensus dataset which is based on a combination of both sources. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
Consensus dataseti
The consensus dataset consists of normalized expression (nTPM) levels for 55 tissue types, created by combining the HPA and GTEx transcriptomics datasets using the internal normalization pipeline. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
Read more about how the datasets were combined into consensus normalized expression levels in <a href="/about/assays+annotation#normalization_rna"_blank">Assays & Annotation.
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA tissue specificity: Not detected
HPA dataseti
The HPA RNA-seq tissue data is reported as nTPM (normalized protein-coding transcripts per million), corresponding to mean values of the different individual samples from each tissue. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
The RNA-seq tissue data generated by the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project is reported as nTPM (normalized protein-coding transcripts per million), corresponding to mean values of the different individual samples from each tissue. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
The tissue data for RNA expression obtained through Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE) generated by the FANTOM5 project are reported as Scaled Tags Per Million. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
